A-493, B-2251, C-1978, USPA National Judge, FAA Senior Parachute Rigger, POPS #550 SOS #185

I made my first parachute jump in November 1961, at the Orange Sport Parachute Center (OSPC) in Orange, Massachusetts. I only wanted to make one jump: I wanted to be able to shock people into paying attention to me.

I had married young - I was the mother of seven children ranging in age from eleven years old to 18 months of age, and I was tired of being introduced as "Marge-and-she-has-seven-children." I wanted to be known differently.

I guess that unknowingly made me one of the early members of the women's liberation movement that started flourishing in the 1960s. While I did not agree completely with some of the "Women's Lib" philosophies, I had to agree with many of their stands because I did face discrimination and double standards that existed in early sport parachuting - and in work environments, as well.

In the early Sixties sport parachuting was in its infancy (and rarely called "skydiving"). There were few experienced jumpers and only a very few of them were women. Parachuting was looked on as a MACHO sport that required a great deal of muscle and strength. The image of the military paratrooper prevailed.

My first jump was so enjoyable that I made a second jump the same day. I found that I really enjoyed it - the sensations, the quiet under the canopy, the real sense of accomplishment.

I was doing something that only a small percentage of the people in the world had ever done. It was very exciting. My parachuting career had begun, though I had no idea at that time how long and how involved I would be in sport parachuting.

I am a Charter/Life Member of Connecticut Parachutists, Inc., (CPI), one of the oldest and largest civilian sport parachute clubs in the country. CPI had its beginning when a B-license former military paratrooper and a few novice sport jumpers held an informal preliminary meeting in November 1961, followed by another one in December, which I attended. In the next two months newspaper notices invited people to organizational meetings. In March 1962 the Club became recognized as a nonprofit group by the State of Connecticut. Now I was a founding member of a sport parachute club.

There were 32 Charter Members, but fewer than a dozen of them had ever made a parachute jump. On the charter date I still had only two static-line parachute jumps because in those days OSPC closed for four months during the winter and there was little parachuting anywhere else in the northeast. However, the sport of parachuting, only about five years old in this country at the time, was getting more public attention and newspaper articles attracted a lot of "wannabes" to the plans of a group that had named itself Connecticut Parachutists, Inc. I went on to spend twenty years as a CPI officer or director and am still active in the Club in its 42 nd year.

A number of CPI women and men members have been on past and are currently on U.S. Parachute Teams in several of the disciplines. There to be just two, now there are seven. The 1996 Style/Accuracy Team competing at the World Meet in Hungary in September included long-time CPIers Marylou Laughlin, Carol Christenson, and Carl Wilson, and new members Cheryl Stearns, Stu Metcalfe, and Jim Hayhurst. CPI continues to produce champions, including Brian Smith, world and National titles in several of the past years, Marylou, ditto, CPI continues to have members who are part of the records setting large formations as well as the recent world record canopy formations.. My parachuting life has really revolved around CPI and judging.

I studied and worked diligently over a period of six months in 1962 to meet the requirements to become an FAA-certificated Senior Parachute Rigger in August. (There were no organized training activities at that time to teach parachute rigging, no helpful week-long "cram" courses ending with a rigger's ticket.) It was most satisfying to pack the emergency "reserve" parachutes of many of the men with whom I jumped regularly. An early high point for me in my parachute rigging experience was when - while serving on the staff of the 6th World Sport Parachute Championships at OSPC in August 1962, and shortly after I had earned my Parachute Rigger's ticket - I packed the main parachute for Jake McLoughlin, a member of the Irish Parachute Team. Over the years I packed hundreds of sport main rigs and also recorded thirteen "saves" in my rigger's log book for reserves I had packed. I met my first Golden Knights at the World Meet in 1962. Ray Duffy, Photographer, Joe Gonzales, Bob McDermott and my association with various groups and individuals on the teams has continued to the present day.

The military meets that the civilian staff in the Northeast were privileged to judge. The great thrill when Bob McDermott, chief judge at a meet at Walkill Drop zone, surprised us and I got my first Huey jump, the great coaches of the USMA cadet teams.

In those early years some men were resentful of women in the sport, acting as if we were trespassing into their private domain. I was given a very good piece of advice and it has served me well, not only in parachuting but in other activities and in my work career: "Always act like a lady and don't expect any favors because you are a female."

Early on, it was commonplace for me to be the only woman on a jump load. A flight on a Cessna with three women was rare and was humorously dubbed a "Powder Puff" lift. There were dual standards when it came to marginal weather, particularly because of wind conditions, with men having fewer restrictions. Also, men and women had different competition standards, with the men's requirements more difficult than the women's.

As more and more women came into the sport, we gradually won acceptance and equality. And women did very well in world-level parachute competitions. In the Sixties and Seventies, when I was competing, most meets had separate events for men and women, even at local and regional levels. As a result, solely because I was the only woman competitor, I became a world champion and set a world record in the First Annual International Parachuting/Snowshoeing Competition, at the Winter Carnival in Manchester, New Hampshire. This "champion" title resulted in a network television appearance on the "What's My Line?" weekly game show broadcast live from New York City. (Para-snowshoeing disappeared after a couple of seasons and was replaced by para-skiing for winter events.)

Over time, my parachuting skills improved. (I am not a natural athlete and I have to work very hard at any sport I attempt.) I was pleased to become a skilled, safe, reasonably accurate jumper (say, 10-30 feet from target center on demo jumps).

As more women became involved in the sport and in competition, I realized that I had reached my limits in competitive parachuting, but I wanted to remain actively involved with competition. After having served as a recorder and scorekeeper in many competitions, I began working to meet the requirements for a USPA Judge's rating. I have been judging for over thirty years and ultimately became and continue to be a currently rated National Judge. I was a training Judge at the 1972 National Parachute Championships, but work commitments in ensuing years kept me from spending requisite time at another Nationals to complete final requirements for a National Judge rating. in more of the disciplines. In the years of judging I have judged style, accuracy, relative work, and para-ski meets throughout New England. Also I have judged meets in Pennsylvania and for three years in a row I was an invited judge at Canadian National Parachute Competitions. I was again invited to the Canadian Nationals in 2000. More recently I just came back from judging the US S/A event at Lake Wales.

I encountered the same male dominance in judging as I had experienced in parachuting. As in jumping, over the years women gained acceptance and respect, and today there are many skilled, experienced women who judge parachuting events at every level of competition.

When I turned age forty I was able to join a select group of predominantly male jumpers, the "Parachutists Over Phorty Society," more commonly known as "POPS." I competed in POPS competitions in Connecticut and Pennsylvania, and jumped from "Huey" helicopters in two POPS Nationals at Fort Bragg, North Carolina. There were only a few women in POPS in the early years; in recent years a woman has been the leader of the organization as its "Top POP."

It was often difficult, and sometimes very discouraging, to be a woman in the male-dominated environment of sport parachuting. However, although slow in coming, there were rewards: Jake McLoughlin's (member of the Irish team, 1962), appreciative thanks for packing his main in sweltering weather and during a hectic world meet; a coveted and hard-earned parachute rigger's ticket; the thank-you from each of my "baker's dozen" of reserve "saves"; 600 skydives; a competition trophy here and there; recipient of a CPI Achievement Award; wonderful friends made, some of them life-long; and I will always remember when I was asked to spot a 9-jumper Norseman lift parachuting into The Inn, a wonderful après-jump gathering place with a bar and restaurant. Everyone made safe landings on the small DZ located far into a dense forest of tall trees on the high hills rising above the Orange Sport Parachute Center. One other memorable jump, on a round, into a bar into the Spider Pit at the club house at Fort Bragg.

I spent most of my work career in male-dominated fields. The lessons of personal conduct that I learned and applied to sport parachuting, I also applied to my work day. The same axiom was true for both endeavors: I had to work harder to prove myself, less was expected of me, rewards were there, one just had to work for them.